Faʻafefea ona mokesi se fale mautotogi ma maua tupe i le 2022: faʻatonuga taʻitasi ma fautuaga faʻapitoa

Following the situation in the economy, banks soften or tighten their credit policy. 20 years ago, loans were issued carefully: secured or guaranteed. Over time, more microfinance institutions appeared, and the number of loans and credit cards issued also increased. The level of requirements for borrowers has decreased.

But the economic turmoil of recent years is forcing banks and other lenders to become more selective again. In 2022, the only sure way to get a loan is to mortgage an apartment and get money quickly.

We prepared step-by-step instructions and talked to an expert about how to do everything right.

The main thing about the pledge of an apartment

Apartment mortgage requirements

I totonu o lo tatou Atunuʻu, e leai ni tulaga tutusa mo le mokesi o se fale mautotogi - e le mo le fanua lava ia, poʻo le tagata e manaʻo e maua se tupe. O lo'o ta'ita'ia e le au fa'ameaalofa a latou mea tau tupe ma su'esu'ega o tulaga lamatia.

For example, one bank would never take an apartment in ZATOs as collateral, because these are closed cities. If the borrower cannot return the money, the apartment will have to be sold and it will be difficult to do so. And it is important for the lender to get their money back as soon as possible. Another bank may accept such an apartment, but offer a slightly higher rate and give money less than the housing actually costs.

Permissible portrait of the borrower is also different for each lender. Large banks may refuse if a person does not have a permanent job and income. Or offer less favorable terms. Credit and consumer cooperatives and private investors, on the contrary, are not so critical in assessing the applicant for money.

We analyzed the offers of creditors in 2022 and derived the “arithmetic average” requirements for collateral for an apartment in Our Country.

O le fale mautotogi o loʻo i totonu o se taulaga o loʻo i ai se sui o le ofisa o loʻo nono atu. If the bank (although not only it can accept housing as collateral) does not have branches and branches in your locality, such an apartment is unlikely to be considered. The reason is simple: if the borrower cannot repay the debt, then he will have to be evicted, sued, and sold. These are costs for the lender, especially if he is based in another city.

Condition of the apartment. The lender will not look at new wallpapers and double-glazed windows. Of course, if the apartment is after a fire, then it is illiquid. But in general, beautiful furniture and a new kitchen set do not affect the cost. After all, it is an apartment that is being mortgaged, which can potentially be quickly sold.

E taua mo tagata o loʻo nofo aitalafu ai le fale e le o faʻalavelave faʻafuaseʻi, leaga. E iai mana'oga mo le aofa'i o fogafale ma le aofa'i o fale mautotogi. Mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, o fale fogafale lua e ono fale mautotogi - na fausia i le amataga o tausaga Soviet - e le pa'ū i lalo o le taʻiala a le tele o tagata aitalafu. Afai o le fale ei ai fola laupapa - faʻapea foi, e foliga mai, o le tatala i tua e le o se filifiliga.

All communications must be working: gas, electricity, heating and water supply. Illegal redevelopment is most often not allowed. For example, if the wall between the kitchen and the room was demolished in an apartment with a gas stove, this is critical. But if only the pantry was redone, then it is at the discretion of the bank. Redevelopments legalized in the BTI are acceptable.

E fa'afefea ona iloa e le tagata nono tupe o lo'o suavai le fale mautotogi? E faigofie lava: e tatau ona e oka se iloiloga. Ole tautua totogi lea. I totonu o lo tatou Atunuu, o le averesi tau o le 5-15 afe rubles. O le a sau le fomaʻi, puʻeina ata, tusi se faʻaiʻuga - se album iloiloga. O le a faʻaalia e le tagata asiasi le tau averesi o le faʻatau atu o se fale mautotogi, i luga o le faʻavae o le a faia ai e le faletupe ni faaiuga e uiga i le tele o le nonogatupe.

O le faavae o le umiaina. Simply put, how did you get this apartment. An ideal basis for a lender is a contract of sale. That is, you once bought a house yourself, and now you want to mortgage it. Or you have privatized an apartment. Recall that privatization began in 1991.

They are wary of apartments received under a donation agreement and as an inheritance. Especially if the apartment has recently moved to you. Suddenly, in a couple of months, a criminal or judicial background will be revealed? For example, there will be heirs whose interests were not taken into account when dividing property.

At the same time, such apartments are still accepted, but they are asked to issue title insurance. Under such a policy, the insurance company undertakes to pay money for an apartment if suddenly a donation agreement or inheritance is appealed in court.

O fale o lo'o pu'e fa'apagota ma fale e sainia ai se maliega foa'i e le talafeagai. The court can seize the apartment. This happens when its owner, for example, is involved in a criminal case. Or they collect debts from him. The lender will not take an apartment for which a donation agreement has already been drawn up.

Most often they do not accept apartments that are rented out. But the lender cannot find out about this – just take your word for it. Another thing is that in the event of an emergency, this may not play in your favor. Imagine that you have mortgaged an apartment and insured it, but at the same time you are renting it out to tenants. They had a gas leak and the housing was damaged. The apartment was used by other people and the insurance company will refuse to pay compensation.

Manaoga mo tagata nono

Afai e te manaʻo e maua se tupe faʻamaonia e se fale mautotogi, o le a faʻavasegaina oe e le tagata nono tupe o se tagata nono. O faletupe o loʻo i ai tulaga sili ona saʻo.

Tausaga. In most cases, a citizen can dispose of his property from the age of 18. There are exceptions for people over the age of 16, if emancipation is recognized through the court – that is, a person is considered fully capable, which means that he can dispose of property, including pledging it.

Ae peita'i, a tu'uina atu nogatupe, e fa'atuputeleina e faletupe le matua'i maualalo o le tagata nono mai. O le pa pito i lalo e masani ona 20-21 tausaga. O le pa pito i luga e fai si lautele - mai le 65 i le 85 tausaga. I le taimi o lenei tausaga, ua tatau ona tapunia atoa le nonogatupe.

Faataitaiga. O se tagata e 50 tausaga le matua o loʻo nofo i le taulaga e manaʻo e mokesi se fale mautotogi ma toe faʻafoʻi le tupe i le faletupe mo le 20 tausaga. Peita'i, e na'o le faletupe e fa'aaitalafu i tagata nono mai i lalo ole 65 tausaga le matutua. O lona uiga, e na'o le 15 tausaga e fai ai sau nonogatupe pe su'e se isi faletupe.

Work experience and income.  O kamupani fa'atau aitalafu (CPC) ma le aufaipisinisi tumaoti e fa'amaoni i latou e manana'o e mokesi se fale mautotogi ma maua se tupe. O faletupe ua toe sili ona taua i lea itu. Saunia se tusi faamaonia 2-NDFL (i luga o tupe maua), e tatau ona e faigaluega i le nofoaga mulimuli mo le itiiti ifo i le 3-6 masina. I le taimi lava e tasi, o faletupe e malamalama e le o mea uma e galulue aloaia. O lea la, atonu latou te malilie e talia lau fa'amatalaga faletupe e fai ma sui. O le faʻamatalaga e tatau ona faʻaalia ai e maua e le tagata nono tupe i se tulaga masani ma o loʻo i ai ana tupe i ana teugatupe.

Credit history. First of all, banks are paying attention to it – the CPC is also looking at it. Credit history is kept in special bureaus. They transmit information about what loans are registered for this person, whether payments are made on time. 

Step-by-step instructions for mortgaging an apartment

1. Choose a lender

The choice is between banks, a credit consumer cooperative (CPC) or a private investor. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages, which we will discuss below.

2. Saunia pepa

Mokesi se fale mautotogi e te manaʻomia:

• fill out an application form (each lender has its own form);
• original passport with registration;
• le pepa lona lua (SNILS, laisene avetaʻavale, TIN, ID militeri, tusifolau, ma o nisi taimi i le taimi e tasi - o loʻo i ai i le tagata nofo aitalafu ana lava manaʻoga);
• 2-NDFL certificate of income (you can ask for it in the accounting department or download it in your personal account on the website of the tax service – first of all, it is banks who ask for it);
• a copy of the work book or an extract from it (banks also ask);
• afai ua e faaipoipo ma e te leʻi osia se konekarate faaipoipo, e tusa ai ma le toʻalua (a) e le o iai se fale mautotogi ma e le o galue o se tagata nono faʻatasi mo nonogatupe, ona e manaʻomia lea o se tusi faamaonia mai le ofisa resitala;
• confirmation of ownership of the apartment: a contract of sale, an extract from the USRN, a certificate of inheritance, a donation agreement or a court decision.

3. Understand insurance and valuation

Muamua, o le a talosagaina e le tagata nono tupe mo se iloiloga o le fale mautotogi. E le faamalosia e le tulafono le faia o lenei mea, ae i le faatinoga o lenei faiga e toetoe lava o taimi uma e faia ai. E le mafai ona talitonu i le tala a le tagata nono mai o lona fale mautotogi e tau ai se aofaiga patino. E galulue vave kamupani fa'atatau. A'o le'i faia lena mea, siaki pe talafeagai so'o se kamupani su'esu'e pe na'o i latou ua fa'atagaina e le faletupe po'o le CPC. O le a sau le tagata tomai faapitoa, faia se album iloiloga (i le averesi i le 1-3 aso) ma tusi se faaiuga i le tau o fale.

A maeʻa lena, o le a mafai e le tagata nono tupe ona faʻasalalau le aofaʻi ua ia sauni e tuʻuina atu i luga o le puipuiga. Faamolemole ia matau e leai se tasi na te tuuina atu le 100% o le tau o se fale mautotogi i luga o aitalafu. Ia, afai latou te tuʻuina atu le 80-90% o le tau o maketi. Mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, na tusia e le tagata suʻesuʻe o le meatotino e tusa ma le 10 miliona rubles. Ua malie le tagata nofo aitalafu e tuʻuina atu le 75% o lenei aofaʻi, o lona uiga, 7,5 miliona rubles. Manatua o le tagata fa'ameaalofa e le o le fa'atauina o le fale mautotogi. E ese lana galuega: tuʻuina atu tupe, maua se tupe, ma afai ei ai se mea na tupu, faʻatau vave le tautoga ma toe faʻafoʻi lana lava.

Before the transaction, you will have to agree on the insurance of the apartment. The insurance company must confirm that it is ready to insure the object and the life of the borrower. Formally, any company is suitable. However, lenders often indicate the pool of insurers they work with. If you choose another company, then the application may be considered longer or even refused without explanation.

The borrower is not required to insure the title (we talked about this service above). But the lender, again, in this case, may refuse or raise the rate.

4. Resitala se tautoga

I le taimi nei, o le setete, o loʻo fai ma sui o Rosreestr, o loʻo aʻafia i le mataupu. O lenei matagaluega e nafa ma le fa'amaumauga o fanua ma fanua fa'atau i totonu o le atunu'u. E le afaina ia te ia pe o le a le mea e te faia ai se nonogatupe ma i lalo o a tulaga. E galue o ia o se ituaiga faʻamaonia o le mama o le fefaʻatauaiga. I lena vaega e amata atu nei i le USRN i tafatafa o lou fale mautotogi o le ai ai se faʻalavelave. O le faʻamatalaga o le a faʻaalia ai o le fale mautotogi ua faʻamaonia. E tatau lenei mea ina ia aloese mai feeseeseaiga i le lumanaʻi.

5. Tulaga o le fa'atagaina o nonogatupe ma le mauaina o tupe

On average, the entire process takes 14 days. This is if you do not rush anywhere, but do not delay the collection of documents. Let’s take a look at what this time period is made up of:

• pre-approval of the application by the lender – in 2022 it takes a few hours and even minutes;
• faʻatagaina o le talosaga - e oʻo atu i le lima aso, o le faiga sili ona umi o loʻo i faletupe, i le taimi nei e te manaʻomia le tuʻuina atu o pepa uma;
• insurance and valuation — companies work quickly, but not instantly, we will take up to five days for these procedures;
• registration of a pledge in Rosreestr – five working days from the date of receipt of the application and the documents attached to it, when registering through the MFC – seven working days, although everyone can spend it faster;
• receiving money – immediately after the registration of the pledge.

Where is the best place to rent an apartment?

1. Faletupe

The most profitable option in terms of rates. It will be less than in CPC and investors. But mortgaging an apartment and getting money is the hardest thing. Because they consider the borrower carefully: income statement, work book, credit history. You can do without it, but then the rate will be higher. In addition, the speed of approval by banks is the lowest possible. You won’t get money quickly.

2. Private investors

In 2022, investors can issue money on bail only to individual entrepreneurs and legal entities for business development. They are prohibited from lending to ordinary citizens.

Afai e iai sau tagata fai pisinisi poʻo le LLC ma se fale mautotogi e talafeagai mo le tatala i tua, ona mafai lea ona e maua se nonogatupe mai se tagata teu tupe. O se tagata masani lea e naunau e maua se tupe maua. I le taimi lava e tasi, e mafai ona ia galue e ala i se tagata fai pisinisi, o se kamupani pulega e faʻatasi ma le itu faaletulafono o le fefaʻatauaiga.

E maualuga atu le tului a le aufaipisinisi i nonogatupe nai lo faletupe ma CPCs. Ae e mafai ona e maua tupe i le vave e mafai ai.

3. Isi filifiliga

Microfinance organizations, they are also MFIs or “quick money” cannot accept apartments as collateral. The law forbids. Pawnshops do not take housing either. Only CPCs remained – credit consumer cooperatives. Their register is on the website of the Central Bank¹. Afai e le o iai se kamupani i le lisi, aua le galulue faatasi.

The CPC lends only to its shareholders. By modern standards, the format looks archaic. After all, initially, cooperatives were invented as “mutual aid funds”. That is, a group of people unites and decides: let’s add money to a common fund, and if one of the shareholders needs the funds, we will give him a loan. And we will help out a person, and we will earn money ourselves.

Modern PDAs work the same way, only they accept almost everyone as a shareholder, and you don’t need to pay money for joining. That is, the borrower is accepted into the cooperative, they give a loan secured, and he pays the money to the CCP. As soon as he pays off the debt, he can leave. 

E fa'amaoni le galulue fa'atasi i le ata o le tagata nono ma tu'uina atu fa'atagaga vave nai lo faletupe. Ae o latou pasene e maualuga atu.

Tulaga mo le toe totogiina o le mokesi o le fale

All conditions are specified in the loan agreement. They are not much different from regular loans. Payments must be made every month on certain dates. You can repay the loan early without any penalty. When the debt is paid, the security deposit is removed from the apartment.

The bank has the right to take the property if the borrower is late in payments by at least a day three times in a year. A real threat to be left homeless for all family members, including a child under 18 years old.

A'o e totogiina le aitalafu, e le mafai ona e faia se mea i le fale e aunoa ma le fa'atagaga a le tagata o lo'o nofo aitalafu ai. E mafai ona e ola, fai fo'i teuteuga teuteu. Ae toe fa'aleleia, fa'atau ma lisi - na'o le fa'atagaga a lē e ona le tautoga.

Fesili ma tali lauiloa

Tali fesili Loia a le GLS Invest Management Company (GLS INVEST) Alexander Morev.

Punavai o:

1. Central Bank website. https://www.cbr.ru/hd_base/KeyRate/
2. Federal Law No. 16.07.1998-FZ of July 102, 26.03.2022 (as amended on March 01.05.2022, 19396) “On Mortgage (Pledge of Real Estate)” (as amended and supplemented, effective from May 8, 3). http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_17125/b9eebfdbd17ea0ea7b0420dc375c19dXNUMXfXNUMXfXNUMX/.